Young adult female English speaker with professional American accent
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EnglishVoice Age
Young Adult (18-35)Accents
North American (General)Transcript
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The following selection is from Chapter five of Shocks Book Civil Resistance, today, repression and demobilization Based on his analysis of dissident history in the US Jules Boycott 2007 identifies 10 types of state repression. One direct violence such as arresting injuring or killing protesters to public prosecutions which necessitates resistors, spending time and funds on legal defenses and defending themselves in court. Three employment deprivation in which activists are fired from their jobs or not hired in the first place due to their political beliefs and activities for surveillance and break ins such as spying and monitoring. Surreptitiously collecting information about people and groups, electronic surveillance, wiretapping and reading mail and email. Five infiltration and use of agents and provocateurs such as using informants to create dissension or provoke violent action. Six. This information such as fabricated documents designed to reduce solidarity or provoke divisions within a group or foment dissension between groups seven harassment, which may entail arrest for minor or false charges, extremely high bail conditions in exorbitant jail sentences. Eight extraordinary rules and laws such as granting injunctions to prevent marches and rallies and declaring martial law. nine, mass media manipulation, which may include planting stories in the mass media, manipulating or intimidating journalists and imposing censorship and 10 mass media depreciation such as publishing negative information provided by authorities about activists and groups and negative framing which undermines the legitimacy of challengers and draws attention away from the issues of the conflict to this list. We can add an 11th type of repression, destruction of or confiscation of property, whereby authorities often illegally seize or destroy the property of activists, such as computers or video cameras singly or in combination. These forms of repression may promote demobilization by adversely affecting a challenger's ability to mobilize or effectively use resources by adversely affecting its ability to convince others of its legitimacy, justness and worthiness, by undermining group solidarity and raising the level of fear.