Industrial eLearning Compressed Gas
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EnglishVoice Age
Middle Aged (35-54)Accents
North American (General)Transcript
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compressed gas cylinder safety. Thousands of products are available, which contained gasses and mixtures of gasses stored under pressure and cylinders. Most of these gasses are classified as compressed gasses. There are three major groups of compressed gas is stored in cylinders, liquefied, non liquefied and dissolved gasses. In each case, the pressure of the gas in the cylinder is commonly given in units of Kila, Pasko's or K P A or pounds per square inch gauge. P sig gauge Pressure equals total gas pressure inside the cylinder, minus atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure is normally about 101.4 k p a. Or 14.7 p. S. I note that compressed gas cylinder with a pressure gauge reading of zero K p A. Or zero p sig is not really empty. It still contains gas at atmospheric pressure. What types of gasses exist? Liquefied gasses are gasses, which can become liquids at normal temperatures. When they are inside cylinders under pressure, they exist inside the cylinder in a liquid vapor balance or equilibrium. Initially, the cylinder is almost full of liquid, and gas fills the space above the liquid as gas is removed from the cylinder. Enough liquid evaporates to replace it, keeping the pressure in the cylinder constant. Anhydrous ammonia, chlorine, propane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide are examples of liquefied gasses. Non liquefied gasses are also known as compressed, pressurized or permanent gasses. These gasses do not become liquid when they are compressed at normal temperatures, even at very high pressures. Common examples of these are oxygen, nitrogen, helium and argon. Settling is the only common dissolved gas. The settling is chemically very unstable. Even at atmospheric pressure, a settling gas can explode. Nevertheless, a settling is routinely stored and used safely in cylinders at high pressures up to 250 p sig at 21 degrees Celsius. This is possible because a settling cylinders are fully packed with an inert, porous filler. The filler is saturated with acetone or other suitable solvent. What a settling gas is added to the cylinder. The gas dissolves in the acetone. A settling in solution is stable. Mishandling compressed gas cylinders, which can have internal pressure of up to £2500 per square inch, can be disastrous. Dropping tipping over or exposing a cylinder to heat can cause weaknesses or cracks in the cylinders shell, which can result in a shrapnel laden explosion. According to the American Welding Society, all compressed gasses are hazardous because of the high pressures inside the cylinders. Gas can be released deliberately by opening the cylinder valve or accidentally from a broken or leaking valve or from a safety device. Even at a relatively low pressure, gas can flow rapidly from an open or leaking cylinder. There have been many cases in which damaged cylinders have become uncontrolled rockets or pinwheels and have caused severe injury and damage. This dangerous happened when unsecured unkept cylinders were knocked over, causing the cylinder valve to break and high pressure gas to escape rapidly. Most cylinder valves are designed to break at a point with an opening of about .75 cm, or 3/10 of an inch. This design limits the rate of gas release and reduces cylinder velocity. This limit may prevent larger, heavier cylinders from rocketing, although smaller or lighter cylinders still might take off. Flammable gasses such as a set a lien, butane, ethylene, hydrogen, methyl amine and vinyl chloride can burn or explode under certain conditions for a flammable gas within its flammable limits in air or oxidizing gas to ignite, an ignition source must be present. There are many possible ignition sources in most workplaces, including open flames, sparks and hot surfaces. The auto ignition or ignition temperature of a gas is the minimum temperature at which the gas self ignites without any obvious ignition sources. Some gasses have very low auto ignition temperatures. For example, phosphenes auto ignition temperature of 100°C or 212°F is low enough that it could be ignited by a steam pipe or a lit light bulb. Some compressed gasses, such as silent and die boring, are para for IQ. They can ignite spontaneously in air. Flashback can occur with flammable gasses. Many flammable compressed gasses are heavier than air. If a cylinder leaks in a poorly ventilated area, these gasses can settle and collect and sewers, pits, trenches, basements or other low areas. The gas trail can spread far from the cylinder. If the gas trail contacts an ignition source, the fire produced can flashback to the cylinder. Oxidizing gasses include any gasses containing oxygen at higher than atmospheric concentrations above 23-25%. Nitrogen oxides and halogen gasses. Such as chlorine and fluorine. 18. These gasses can react rapidly and violently with combustible materials such as the following organic carbon containing substances such as most flammable gasses, flammable and combustible liquids. Oils greases many plastics and fabrics finally divided medals. Other oxidize. Herbal substances such as hydrazine, hydrogen, hydroids, sulfur or sulfur compounds, silicon and ammonia or ammonia compounds. Fires or explosions can result from these reactions. Dangerously reactive gasses. Some pure compressed gasses are chemically unstable. If exposed to slight temperature or pressure increases or mechanical shock, they can readily undergo certain types of chemical reactions, such as polymer ization or decomposition. These reactions may become violent, resulting in fire or explosion. Some dangerously reactive gasses have other chemicals called inhibitors added to prevent these hazardous reactions. Common, dangerously reactive gasses are a settling 13 butadiene metal is settling vinyl chloride, tetra flora, ethylene and vinyl fluoride. When storing compressed cylinders, you should secure the cylinders upright with a chain or strap in a proper cylinder cart. Store cylinders at least 20 ft from combustible materials in a dry, ventilated place, Keep oxygen cylinders at least 20 ft from fuel. Gas cylinders ensure that valves are completely closed and any protection devices are secured. Avoid storing cylinders in lockers. A leak could result in a dangerous gas build up. Use proper warning signs in areas where cylinders are stored. Keep cylinders in a location free from vehicle traffic. Excessive heat and electrical circuits. Keep empty cylinders away from full winds. The majority of incidents and injuries involving gas cylinders occur during handling or transportation To help prevent incidents When moving cylinders, you should handle cylinders with care and avoid dropping or hitting them against anything. Follow proper procedures and use the right equipment, including safety glasses, heavy duty gloves and protective footwear. Ensure safety measures such as caps or guards are securely installed. Use a cart or hand truck instead of dragging or rolling cylinders. Use proper cradles, nets or platforms if using a crane, and avoid lifting cylinders by their caps or guards, or with magnets or slings, which can damage the valves. Do not store flammable gasses next to an exit or near oxygen cylinders. Do not use copper fittings or tubing onto settling tanks. Do not use Teflon tape on cylinder or tube fitting connections, which have metal to metal face seals or gaskets. Seals do not permit oil or grease to contact cylinders or their valves, especially cylinders containing oxidizing gasses. Remember, except only properly identified, cylinders and do not rely on color codes where safety equipment appropriate for the hazard potential of the gas before beginning work. If a cylinder or valve is noticeably corroded, the vendor should be contacted for instructions. A leaking cylinder should be removed and isolated in a well ventilated, safe area. It may be necessary to call in trained emergency response personnel. If the leak is at the junction of the cylinder valve in cylinder, Do not try to repair it. Instead, contact the supplier. With proper instruction and your attention to safety, you can safely work with compressed gas cylinders. Thanks for watching and have a safe day.