Microprocessors
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Young Adult (18-35)Accents
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Hi, I am Lefty. Today. I want to give lecture on microprocessor. Hello. I want to introduce myself for a little bit. One minute introduction, I heard. Ah, seven years of experience in ship design, chip designing. So we are somewhat familiar with the very logical integration and chip manufacturing fabrication process. So it is very and hear them to discuss about microprocessor. This is very interesting topic. So you need not worry about this full, uh, guys who are studying Well, let's say they are very much showing interest to know about microprocessor and disfunction ing. So first of all, we will learn What is the microprocessor? What is the microprocessor? Let us start with familiar computer. It is still computer is an AL chronic mission capable off quickly performing a wide where idea off tasks mhm. They can be used to compared correlate sort match on stored data as well as perform complex called character rations. It much faster that than human being by means off stored instruction. It is still computerese different from a general purpose calculator Innocents, the distal computerese cap pull off operating according to the instructions that I have stored within the computer, whereas Kallick later must be given instructions on a step by step basis to perform calculations. Understand what a uh told once I depicted to It is. Still, computer is different from general purpose calculator. What is the difference? The still computer is capable off operating according to the instructions that are stored within computer Already Instruction sir In built in computer, Where is a calculator must be given instructions on a step by step here. Instructions are not in built it basis to perform calculations. By this definition, a programmable calculator can become sturdy computer. Historically, distill computers have been categorized according to the size, using the words large computer, medium computer, mini computer and microcomputer and the layers off development. The emphasis was on large and more powerful. Computers. Very large, large and medium, says computers were designed to solve complex scientific and engineering problems like cosine sine, then court all these engineering problems in at least days off development, these computers were accessible and effort doble only to large corporations. Big universities on gonna distances lateral. Many computers were made available for using office small colleges, medium, says business organization. Small factory etcetera like this has the technology has advanced from small scale integration toe very large scale integration face off the computer has changed gradually and it became possible to build the entire central processing unit on a single ship. No ness microprocessor. What is Microprocessor? A central processing unit that is CPU with it related timing functions. CPS related timing functions on a single chip no ness microprocessor, a microprocessor combined with memory and input output devices form, say microcomputer. What is microcomputer? Micro processor? Bless memory and I wore devices. It forms a microcomputer. The microcomputer is making on impact on every activity off mankind. It is being used in almost all control applications. For example, analytical and scientific instruments. Data communication, character. Recognize ation, musical instruments, household items, defense equipment, medical equipment like this microcomputer sir. In general, computers communicate and operate in binary numbers. What is binary? Binary? It is. It means Jiro and one. These air, also honest bits a bit, is abbreviation for the term binary dessert. The bit size off microprocessor. It refers to the number off bit, which can be processed simultaneously by the at the Met. Execute off the microprocessors, a number off bits taken as a group in the manner is called word. For example, the first commercial microprocessor, the Intel for Gero Gero Fort, which was introduced in 1971. It is a four bit mission, and it is said to process a four bit word. A four bit word is commonly known as a naval what, for a bit word is commonly known as naval and eight bit Word is commonly known as Beit. What is bite by it is a bit word. Naval is a four bit word. Intend 8085 He's an eight bit microprocessor, whereas until 8086 is a 16 bit microprocessors. It should be noted that a processor can perform calculations involving more than its switch sides but through program and takes more time to complete the operation. For example, multi byte data can be added bite by bite in hee rate for a microprocessor with cheese and a big processes. The short world land requires a few security and interconnection in the Cebu. Okay, now we can learn about microcomputer in a very general sense. Microcomputer is best recorded as a system. What What did you understand? Microcomputer is best recorded as a system incorporating a CPU and associated hardware whose purpose is to manipulate data in some fashion. This is exactly what any distance sexual design using small scale integration and medium scale integration does. Therefore, microcomputer should be regard as a general purpose logic device. Microcomputer from this point of few is merely an assembly off devices whose sole task is to ensure that the instructions desires or indeed carried or properly and allow the microprocessor to communicate with the rial world. That is, that means, uh, the user environment. The power off microcomputer lies in the fact that if the application changes, the same system can be used by appropriately morphing the instructions to be executed and, if necessary, some changes in the hardware Understand. In contrast, a distance that you designed using small scale integration and medium scale integration for some applications will need to be completely redesign. If the application changes object, the object off the microcomputer is to marry play data in a certain fashion specified by the system, design it. A typical microcomputer achieves their object deals by getting its CPU to execute a number off instructions in the proper sequence. The sequence off instruction compresses the program that is executed by the microcomputer microcomputer, which does nothing other than man played data present within itself, will not be off much use to and even in order to something meaningful. Data being manipulated should depend on input provided to the microprocessor by they use it. Similarly, the data manipulation being carried out by the microprocessor would be completely meaningless unless the result off the manipulation affect things outside the microcomputer itself. Therefore, microprocessor should provide outputs, which is some way depends on its inputs. The way input and output are related is decided by the program that get executed. Therefore, microcomputer is an assembly off devices, including a CPU which manipulate data depending on one or more inputs, and according to a program, in order to generate one or more output, micro controllers microprocessor does not have enough memory to Prague for program and data stories. Neither does it has any important output devices. That's when a microprocessor is used to design a system. Several other chips, such as memory chip input, output ports, are also used to make a complete computer system for any application. These extra ships imply original cost and increased sides off the product and may not be suitable for the application, for example, for better understanding, then you'd inside the toy. It is an ER would like to minimize the size and cost off the electronic equipment inside the toy. Therefore, in such applications, a micro controllers is used more often than a microprocessor. Micro controller is a cheap, consisting, off microprocessor memory and input output port. The evolution off microprocessors. The First Micro Process servers introduced in 1971 by Intel Corporation. My crock processes was designed a lot of companies. Now there are intel, uh, dry length M d. Ah, lot of companies are there, but the first microprocessor was introduced in 1971 by Intel Corporation. This was the intel for Jiro Jiro for a processor on a single chip. It had the capability off performing simple math, American law school operations, for example, addition, subtraction comparison logical and our operations. It also had a control unit which could perform various control functions like fetching and instruction from the memory, recording it and generating control signals to execute it. It was a four bit microprocessor operating on four bits off data at a time. Okay, Shortly after the 4004 appeared in the commercial marketplace, Three other general purpose microprocessors were introduced. These devices were the Rockwell International Forbid PPS for the Inter laid with a Gero Gero A and the National Semiconductor 16 with I am P 16. Other companies had also controlled in the development off microprocessors. The 4004 is afford with Micro Person now the first eight picked microprocessor, which would perform at the Medic and Law School operations on a bit word, it was introduced by again until in 1973 this was a 008 That was followed by an improved version, the Eijiro Eijiro from the same company microprocessor introduced between 1971 and 72 with the first generation systems. They were designed using FEMA's technology. This technology provided low caste, slow speed and low output current and was compatible with T deal. After 1973 the second generation microprocessor such as Motorola, 6800 and 609 intelligent rate fell. Al evolved. These micro process were fabricated using and most technology first generation was the malls. Now it is n most technology the Elmos process offer faster speed and higher density than P months. And we're ST tail compatible. The distinction between 1st and 2nd generation devices words primarily the use off your new SemiconHTr technology to fabricate the ships. This new technology resulted in a significant increase in instruction, execution speed and higher chip densities. Okay, this was about microprocessor. Somewhat brief introduction. And it's ah, invention. How much? How many bits like this? Okay, now the power off micro process has increased the primary asl e with tremendously, with advancement in the integrated circuit technology and micro process systems, Arctic check, very large scale integration loss. Extremely complex system consisting off as many as a million off trances to sun a single ship to be released. Yeah, the performance offered by a 32 bit microprocessor is more comparable to that off supercomputer such as V X 11 extension. Extensive research is being carried out for implementation off more on cheap functions and for improvement off the speed off the memory. And I've a diverse is okay. That was about microprocessor. Now I will let you know about the applications off microprocessor. The application off Micro processes increasing day by day. Some off the applications. Uh, I will let you know. Ah, some off The applications are smart. Terminals point off scale systems, word processors, Elektronik, cames bending and dispensing missions. Market skills, traffic, light controls, home heating and lighting controls. Security and fire alarm systems. Home appliances, computer aided instruction online control off lap instrumentation, desktop computers, check processor, payroll system, inventory control, automatic typesetting, compact business missions, medical instrumentation, automobile diagnostics, data communication processing, optical character recognition. I worked on Alfa Computers Can wear controls. Stacker Crane controls analytical, scientific instruments, etcetera. Like this. These are the applications off microprocessors. Yeah. Thank you for listening to the lecture off microprocessor. Thank you.